PRESSURE

Fluid Mechanics discusses concepts related with the actions and behavior of FLUIDS (anything that flows) including their densities, specific gravity, rate of flow, forces etc. One of the important concept that is being discussed here is PRESSURE which is to be presented by the video below:

One of the important applications of Fluid Pressure is the Hydraulic Car Lift following the so-called PASCAL'S PRINCIPLE which states that, "PRESSURE APPLIED ON A CONFINED LIQUID IS TRANSMITTED UNDIMINISHED THROUGH OUT THE INTERIOR OF THE CONTAINER"

My Champion Masterpiece

These are the pictures of my blog presentation during our Finals in the subject Selected Topics in Biology under Dr. Tessie Estrabo held last October 22, 2011 at AVR URS Morong. I thank God for winning the 1st Place in the MAT-Science blog Presentation with my winning article entitled "An Interview With a Vampire"

Taking Pictures VS Saving Pictures

            

             Click…….. Click…….. Sound coming from the shutter of an analog camera while capturing images. A camera consists of several parts such as cover, shutter, aperture, iris diaphragm, convex lens and film which are essential and useful in performing its main task. But is there any biological features or parts which could be compared exactly as CAMERA?

             WELL the answer is HUMAN EYE!!!!!!!

             But How????

            Human Eye is one of the sense organs which is responsible for vision. It mainly consists of basic parts such as Eyelids, Cornea, Pupil, Iris, Lens and Retina. The Eyelids are made of muscles which opens and closes the eyeball. This can be compared to  the Shutter of a camera which opens and closes the aperture to control the passage of light while capturing the image. The Cornea serves as the “window of the eye” which is made of a layer that covers and protects the eyeball similar to the Casing of a camera. Next part of the eye is the Pupil which is a tiny opening that allows the light to enter. This is similar to the Aperture of the camera. The pupil is being controlled by a muscle called aqueous humor which make it contracted if the eye is exposed in an intense light and is enlarged in dim light. Next is the Iris which serves as the “color of the eye” and is responsible for the regulation or control of the passage of light similar to what the Iris Diaphragm of the camera is doing. The Lens of the eye is responsible for the refraction of light which is needed for its registration. Camera also uses convex lens to perform the same function but the only difference is that lens of the eye is made of very small tissues with a texture like a jelly and has a capability of self-focusing called accommodation while the lens of a camera is made of either glass or plastic with focusing capability through mechanical means. Last part for human eye is the Retina where the image is registered or formed. This can be compared to the Film of a camera. But their main difference is that the image formed at the film can be developed in a photo paper unlike the retina whose registered image is just converted into an electric impulse and is carried, interpreted and saved by our brain through the optic nerve.

Once a Champion Swimmer, Now a Living Person

             Would you believe that every individual is a champion swimmer? Maybe you will be asking how? But the naked truth is we once won the first place in a certain race and now we grow and live. Each of us was product of two different cells which unite to begin a new life.

            Human reproduction takes place as internal fertilization by sexual intercourse. During this process, the erect penis of the male is inserted into the female's vagina until the male ejaculates semen, which contains sperm. This process is also known as "coitus", "mating" or "having sex". (Wikipedia) The sperm travels through the vagina and cervix into the uterus or Fallopian tubes for fertilization of the ovum. This is how the race happens where in approximately five millions of sperms will swim like millions of runners in a marathon but only one will reach the finish line which is a sperm that will unites with an egg cell from the female’s fallopian tube. Upon fertilization and implantation gestation of the fetus then occurs within the female's uterus.

            We should be proud that we were ones a CHAMPION and now we LIVE!!!!!!!

An Interview With a Vampire

Conversation between a vampire and a reporter

Reporter: Good evening sir. We’ve learned about your fame and power being one of the undead living unbelievably. If you don’t mind, we just want to ask some questions to know more about you.

Vampire: (In a SCARY voice) Sounds interesting. Well! That will be my pleasure to entertain delicious snack like you! Hahahahaha!!!!!

Reporter: (In fearing voice) A…a…ay…..I think that isn’t a nice idea. Ma….ma…y…….ma…yy……May I know your complete name?

Vampire: I’m Count Dracula.

Reporter: Where do you reside?

Vampire: Somewhere in Pennsylvania. Am…. Wait a minute. Let me ask you this basic question. What do I eat?

Reporter: Please don’t hurt me!

Vampire: Hey babe just relax! You’re the reporter remember? Of course I won’t hurt you! Not now (whispering then laughing silently).

Reporter: What I know is that you feed on human BLOOD, right?

Vampire: That brilliant information about my diet really reinforces my thirst! Hahahahaha!

Reporter: Hehehehe! I hope you won’t feel that thirst on me! Well, why do creatures like you love drinking blood?

Vampire: Well it is a normal routine for us to have thirst on it. That gives us power to perform extraordinary things and blood is essential for our immortality. Actually I’ve been living for several centuries without aging and that is because of continuous drinking of blood.

Reporter: Oh my God! That was really unbelievable. Can you tell us more details about your food (blood)?

Vampire: Well blood consists of hematocytes or blood cells which is part of your circulatory system. It falls into three general categories; the Erythrocytes or red blood cells, Leukocytes or white blood cells and Thrombocytes or platelets. The fluid component of your blood where the three hematocytes flow is called Plasma.

Reporter: Actually we’ve studied that in our biology class during my second year in high school. But I just remember only little info about that topic. Can you explain further each blood cell?

Vampire: Red blood cells are primarily for carrying oxygen and some carbon dioxide through the use of hemoglobin and have a lifetime of about 120 days. Red blood cells are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate organism's principal means of delivering oxygen (O₂) to the body tissues via the blood flow through the circulatory system. These cells' cytoplasm is rich in hemoglobin, an  iron-containing biomolecule that can bind oxygen. (Source: Wikipedia)

Reporter: Does the red blood cells make the color of our blood RED?

Vampire: No but it is the hemoglobin that is responsible for your blood’s red color. Well the trivia is that the real color of your blood is pale yellow and when your tissue is cut, hemoglobin will eventually provides red coloration for your blood as it flows out of your body.

Reporter: That is amazing! How about white blood cell?

Vampire: White blood cells, or leukocytes, are cells of the immune system involved in defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials. Five different and diverse types of leukocytes exist, but they are all produced and derived from a multipotent cell in the bone marrowknown as a hematopoitic stem cell Leukocytes are found throughout the body, including the blood and lymphatic system. The number of WBCs in the blood is often an indicator of disease. There are normally between 4×10⁹ and 1.1×10¹⁰ white blood cells in a litter of blood, and ranging from 7 and 21 microns in diameter, they make up approximately 1% of blood in a healthy adult. An increase in the number of leukocytes over the upper limits called leukocytosis and a decrease below the lower limit is called leukopenia. The physical properties of leukocytes, such as volume, conductivity and granularity may change due to activation, the presence of immature cells, or the presence of malignant leukocytes in leukemia.

Reporter: Well it seems that white blood cells can be compared to our navies and armies who are protecting our state from invaders.

Vampire: That’s right. For sure you will also be asking about platelets. Platelets are involved in blood coagulation and have a lifetime of about 9 days. They form from stem cells. They are small, irregularly shaped clear cell fragments (i.e. cells that do not have a nucleus containing DNA), 2–3 µm in diameter, which are derived from fragmentation of precursor megakarocytes.  The average lifespan of a platelet is normally just 5 to 9 days. Platelets are a natural source of growth factors. They circulate in the blood of mammals and are involved in ,hemostasis leading to the formation of blood clots. If the number of platelets is too low, excessive bleeding can occur. However, if the number of platelets is too high, blood clots can form thrombosis which may obstruct blood vessels and result in such events as a stroke myocardial infarction,  pulmonary embolism or the blockage of blood vessels to other parts of the body, such as the extremities of the arms or legs.  An abnormality or disease of the platelets is called a thrombocytopathy which could be either a low number of platelets (thrombocytopenia) a decrease in function of platelets (thrombasthenia) or an increase in the number of platelets (thrombocytosis) There are disorders that reduce the number of platelets, such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) or hrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP) that typically cause thromboses, or clots, instead of bleeding. (Source: Wikipedia)

Reported: That is really impressive. It seems that you are getting so scientific. We know about your special powers. Can you show us some of it?

Vampire: Don’t worry I will show you a private demonstration at your hotel room tonight! Hahahahaha!!!